Pioneer Project Notes and directions.
Pioneer
Project Notes:
Pioneers
crossed the Appalachian Mts. With a Horse drawn sled, pots and pans and a few
tools. They found land with water for their home.
To claim
their property they:
Used Tomahawk
Rights: blazing (scraping off the
bark) of trees around the border of the property. Corn Rights: Planting a crop of corn on the land. Settlement: Building a shelter and living on the
property was the best claim.
The land had
to be cleared: Girdling trees. Cutting
trees, burning trees. Eventually removing the stumps.
Building Homes:
Lean-to-
Log cabin-
Cat and clay
chimney
Puncheons
- (flooring)
Loft and
ladder.
Food and Clothes:
Everything
had to be made by hand:
Horseshoes,
farm tools, sleds, weaving looms, spinning wheels, and shoes. Clothing, rugs, candles, soap, bedding.
Men: buckskin hunting shirts, Breeches and leggings , large belt, Knife,
bullet bag, powder horn, tomahawk, Moccasins, skin cap.
Women: dresses, dyed with madder indigo butternut,
walnut, bloodroot, hickory, polk, sumac, Oak bark, goldenrod.
Wool or
Lindsey Woolsey, and a sun bonnet.
Some with
better means had European clothes.
Food: deer, elk, bear, squirrel, rabbit, wild
turkey.
Fish
mussels, turtles and they raised hogs.
Vegetables: corn, pumpkins, squash, beans, potatoes.
Corn most
important- roast ears, meal, bread,
mush. Hominy
Wild berries
in season.
Recreation:
Group
Work: “ House Raising” Log Rolling, quilting bees, husking
bees.
Neighbors
would visit neighbors and complete these jobs together.
Life skills
practice:
Boys- bow and arrow, animal calling
Girls - Homemade dolls, house chores, cooking, child
care.
All- Horseshoes, foot racing, fighting, shooting
contest, sack races.
Health:
Poor
hygiene- led to problems and diseases
Families
were large - 15 to 20 children were not
uncommon- but many did not live to adulthood.
Croup,
worms, small pox, measles, mumps, whooping cough and diphtheria,
consumption(lung disease) rabies
Cures:
blood of black cat, Onion or garlic juice, salt, pewter scrapings,
herbs, Bleeding, warm bear grease, sassafras tea, catnip tea, smartwood tea,
sage tea
Pioneer Project Directions:
Create a
character:
Name______________________________________
Date
born: (from pioneer times)_________________________
Area from
before coming to the frontier:________________________
Area in
Western Virginia settled:
Water
source:___________________________________
Size of
claim:____________________________________
20 points
Draw a
picture of your Character: (attach) Must
have period correct clothing from time period. (use notes)
20 points.
Describe 3
meals ate by your character. (20 points)
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Breakfast:
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Mid-day:
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Evening:
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Describe 3
things found at the Pumpkin Festival that relate to the Pioneer Days. In complete sentences. (20 points)
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Item one
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Item two
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Item three
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Describe
health problems suffered by your character.
(at least one for each period of life. (complete sentences) 20 points.
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Early Life:
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Mid Life:
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What killed them:
What age:
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Then
complete your homemade item. 100 pts.
(see attached directions)
Pioneer
Project directions: Due
Dates:
Pioneer families had to be
self-reliant. They could not go to the store to get any
type of supplies. Everything they used
had to be brought with them from the settlements, traded for, or made by hand
by themselves out on the frontier. To
survive they needed to use their skills, wits and materials available on the
frontier.
Your task
with this project is to make something that the pioneers would have had to make
on the frontier, or a model of said object.
You will have to research your object and write about it in your
companion essay and cite your source or sources. ( Mrs. Kirk, in the library can be of great
assistance, she has a section in the library on Appalachian culture.)
Examples-
( look around the class at previous items)
·
Model
Cabins or lean-tos
·
Toys-
dolls, animals, carved figures, games.
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Articles
of clothing
·
Candles
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Soap
·
Natural
dye process
·
Cooking
or cleaning utensils
·
Other
ideas (check with teacher with idea before beginning)
·
No
weapons (knives, bows and arrows, etc.)
Articles: need to be made of materials that would have been found on
the frontier. Nails would have been
limited, cloth would have been Lindsey-woolsey, or wool or leather, in short
supply. Glue would have been natural
materials (clay, etc.) Modern materials
may be substituted byt in your description you must explain your substitutions.
3 Paragraph Descriptive Essay: Paragraph 1- describe
your research, 5 sentence minimum, Paragraph 2- describe how you made your
item, 5 sentence minimum. Paragraph 3- describe your materials, where did you
get them, did you substitute materials, what would they have used on the
frontier.
Presentation- Show us the item and tell us about it.
Grading rubric:
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Item:
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Mastery:
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Partial Mastery:
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Novis:
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Finished product
60 pts.
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Complete, well made, effort shown in
product
60
55 50
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Complete, but lack of effort shown in
quality of the product.
45
40 35
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Incomplete, or poorly made with result
showing lack of effort.
30
25 20
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Descriptive essay
30 pts.
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3 paragraphs, no grammar mistakes,
Completely described, citation correct
30
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3 paragraphs, grammar 3 to 5 mistakes,
description incomplete. Citation incorrect.
20
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Incomplete, more than 5 grammar mistakes, Poor
description, no citation.
10
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Presentation
10 pts.
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1 minute, practiced, item well
explained
10
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Under 1 minute, unpracticed evident,
partial explanation.
7
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Incomplete description, explanation
incomplete.
5
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